Hadith 63
الحديث 63
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
ف، تحف العقول كَتَبَ الْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّ إِلَى أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ ع أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّكُمْ مَعْشَرَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ الْفُلْكُ الْجَارِيَةُ فِي اللُّجَجِ الْغَامِرَةِ وَ الْأَعْلَامُ النَّيِّرةُ الشَّاهِرَةُ أَوْ كَسَفِينَةِ نُوحٍ ع الَّتِي نَزَلَهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَ نَجَا فِيهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ
كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْكَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عِنْدَ اخْتِلافِنَا فِي الْقَدَرِ وَ حَيْرَتِنَا فِي الِاسْتِطَاعَةِ فَأَخْبِرْنَا بِالَّذِي عَلَيْهِ رَأْيُكَ وَ رَأْيُ آبَائِكَ ع فَإِنَّ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ عِلْمَكُمْ وَ أَنْتُمْ شُهَدَاءُ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَ اللَّهُ الشَّاهِدُ عَلَيْكُمْ ذُرِّيَّةً بَعْضُها مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
فَأَجَابَهُ الْحَسَنُ ع بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَصَلَ إِلَيَّ كِتَابُكَ وَ لَوْ لَا مَا ذَكَرْتَهُ مِنْ حَيْرَتِكَ وَ حَيْرَةِ مَنْ مَضَى قَبْلَكَ إِذاً مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَ شَرِّهِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُهُ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ وَ مَنْ أَحَالَ الْمَعَاصِيَ عَلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ فَجَرَ
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يُطَعْ مُكْرِهاً وَ لَمْ يُعْصَ مَغْلُوباً وَ لَمْ يُهْمِلِ الْعِبَادَ سُدًى مِنَ الْمَمْلَكَةِ بَلْ هُوَ الْمَالِكُ لِمَا مَلَّكَهُمْ وَ الْقَادِرُ عَلَى مَا عَلَيْهِ أَقْدَرَهُمْ بَلْ أَمَرَهُمْ تَخْيِيراً وَ نَهَاهُمْ تَحْذِيراً
فَإِنِ ائْتَمَرُوا لِلطَّاعَةِ لَمْ يَجِدُوا عَنْهَا صَادّاً وَ إِنِ انْتَهَوْا إِلَى الْمَعْصِيَةِ فَشَاءَ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنْ يَحُولَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَ بَيْنَهَا فَعَلَ وَ إِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَلَيْسَ هُوَ الَّذِي حَمَلَهُمْ عَلَيْهَا جَبْراً وَ لَا أُلْزِمُوهَا كَرْهاً
بَلْ مَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنْ بَصَّرَهُمْ وَ عَرَّفَهُمْ وَ حَذَّرَهُمْ وَ أَمَرَهُمْ وَ نَهَاهُمْ لَا جَبْلًا لَهُمْ عَلَى مَا أَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ فَيَكُونُوا كَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَ لَا جَبْراً لَهُمْ عَلَى مَا نَهَاهُمْ عَنْهُ وَ فَلِلَّهِ الْحُجَّةُ الْبالِغَةُ فَلَوْ شاءَ لَهَداكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ وَ السَّلامُ عَلى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدى
Al-Hassan Al-Basry wrote to Abu Muhammad Al-Hassan-asws Bin Ali-asws, ‘However, you the community of the Clan of Hashim-as are the flowing ship in the overwhelming depths, and the bright signposts, or like the ship of Noah-as which the Momineen boarded it and the Muslims would be rescued regarding it. I write to you, O son-asws of Rasool-Allah-saww, due to our differing regarding the Pre-determination, and our confusion regarding the capability, therefore inform us with that which your-asws view is upon and the view of your-asws forefathers-asws, as your-asws knowledge is from the Knowledge of Allah-azwj and you-asws are the witnesses upon the people and Allah-azwj is the Witness upon you, offspring one from the other, and Allah-azwj is Hearing, Knowing’. Al-Hassan-asws replied to him: ‘In the Name of Allah-azwj, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Your letter arrived to me-asws, and if you had not mentioned of your confusion and confusion of the ones passed away before you, then I-asws would not have informed you. However, the one who does not believe in the Pre-determination, its good and it’s evil that Allah-azwj Know, so he has committed Kufr, and the one who links the acts of disobedience unto Allah-azwj, so he has been immoral. Allah-azwj is not being obeyed forcefully, and is not being disobeyed by overcoming, and did not Load the servants from the Kingdom in vain, but He-azwj is the Owner to whatever He-azwj Made them own, and the Able upon what He-azwj Made them to be able upon. But, He-azwj Commanded them as a choice, and Prohibited them as a caution. If they deliberate for the obedience, they would not find a block from it, and if they end up to the disobedience, then if He-azwj so Desires He-azwj would Favour upon them by being a Barrier between them and it, He-azwj would do so, and if He-azwj does not Do so, then He-azwj isn’t the One-azwj Who Carried them with it (to the disobedience) by Compulsion, nor Necessitated it forcefully. But, He-azwj Favoured upon them by Making them insightful, and understanding, and Cautioned them and Commanded them and Prohibited them. He-azwj neither Natured them upon whatever He-azwj Commanded them with, so they would happen to be like the Angels, nor Compulsion for them upon what He-azwj Prohibited them from. Say: ‘For Allah is the conclusive Proof. Then if He so Desires to, He would Guide you altogether’ [6: 149]. And the greetings be upon the one who follows the Guidance’’. [63]
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