ع، علل الشرائع ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام فِي عِلَلِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ عَنِ الرِّضَا ع عِلَّةُ الزَّكَاةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ قُوتِ الْفُقَرَاءِ وَ تَحْصِيلِ أَمْوَالِ الْأَغْنِيَاءِ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى كَلَّفَ أَهْلَ الصِّحَّةِ الْقِيَامَ بِشَأْنِ أَهْلِ الزَّمَانَةِ وَ الْبَلْوَى كَمَا قَالَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَ لَتُبْلَوُنَّ فِي أَمْوالِكُمْ بِإِخْرَاجِ الزَّكَاةِ وَ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ بِتَوْطِينِ الْأَنْفُسِ مَعَ الصَّبْرِ
مَعَ مَا فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَدَاءِ شُكْرِ نِعَمِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الطَّمَعِ فِي الزِّيَادَةِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَ الرَّأْفَةِ لِأَهْلِ الضَّعْفِ وَ الْعَطْفِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَسْكَنَةِ وَ الْحَثِّ لَهُمْ عَلَى الْمُوَاسَاةِ وَ تَقْوِيَةِ الْفُقَرَاءِ وَ الْمَعُونَةِ لَهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِ الدِّينِ
وَ هُمْ عِظَةٌ لِأَهْلِ الْغِنَى وَ عِبْرَةٌ لَهُمْ لِيَسْتَدِلُّوا عَلَى فَقْرِ الْآخِرَةِ بِهِمْ وَ مَا لَهُمْ مِنَ الْحَثِّ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى الشُّكْرِ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لِمَا خَوَّلَهُمْ وَ أَعْطَاهُمْ وَ الدُّعَاءِ وَ التَّضَرُّعِ وَ الْخَوْفِ مِنْ أَنْ يَصِيرُوا مِثْلَهُمْ فِي أُمُورٍ كَثِيرَةٍ فِي أَدَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَ الصَّدَقَاتِ وَ صِلَةِ الْأَرْحَامِ وَ اصْطِنَاعِ الْمَعْرُوفِ.
(The book) ‘Ilal Al Sharaie’, (and) ‘Uyoun Akhbar Al-Reza-asws’, May the greeting be upon him-asws’, in (the book) ‘Ilal’ of Ibn Sinan, ‘From Al-Reza-asws: ‘The reason for Zakat is for the subsistence of the poor and purify the wealth of the rich, because Allah-azwj Blessed and Exalted has Encumbered the healthy people to stand with the affairs of the people of infirmities and the calamities, just as Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic Said: You will be Tested regarding your wealth – by extracting the Zakat – and your selves, [3: 186], by settling the souls with the patience. Along with what is in that from giving the thanks for bounties of Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, and the eagerness regarding the increase with what is in it of the mercy and kindness for the people of weakness, and the compassion upon the people of need, and the urging to them upon the consolation, and strengthening the poor and the assistance for them upon the matter of religion. And they are a preaching for the rich people and a lesson for them so they would be guided upon poverty of the Hereafter being with them, and what is for them upon the urging regarding that upon thanking to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic for what He-azwj has Bestowed them and Given them, and the supplicating and the beseeching and the fear from them becoming like them in many matters, in paying the Zakat and the charities, and connecting the kinships, and the performing the acts of kindness’’. [41]
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