Hadith 29

‘Al-Ihtijaj’ – From Hisham Bin Al Hakam who said, ‘An atheist asked Abu Abdullah-asws and he said, ‘Inform me about Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, how come He-azwj did not Create the people, all of them as obedient, Unitarians, although He-azwj was Able upon that? ’
He-asws said: ‘If He-azwj had Created them obedient, there would not have happened to be any Rewards for them, because the obedience, when it was not their doing, neither would the Paradise have existed, nor the Fire. But, He-azwj Created His-azwj creatures and Obligated the Rewards due to their obedience to Him-azwj, and Forbade them from disobeying Him-azwj, and Argued upon them with His-azwj Rasools-as, and Cut-off their excuses by His-azwj Book, so it would happen that they are those who are obeying and disobeying, and being Obligated the Rewards due to their obedience to Him-azwj, and the Punishment due to their disobedience to Him-azwj’. He-asws said: ‘The righteous deed from the servant, it is his deed, and the evil deed from the servant it is his deed? ’ He-asws said: ‘The righteous deeds of the servants, he does it and Allah-azwj Commanded him with it, and the evil deed the servant does it, and Allah-azwj Forbade him from it’. He said, ‘Isn’t he doing it with the tool which is installed inside him? ’ He-asws said: ‘Yes, but with the tool by which he does the good, he is (also) able upon the evil which he has been Forbidden from’. He said, ‘Is there anything from the Command to the servant? ’ He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj did not Forbid him from a thing except and He-azwj Knows that he can endure leaving it, and did not Command him with a thing except that He-azwj Knows that he does have the capability to do it, because He it isn’t from His-azwj Attributes, the Compulsion, and the frivolity, and the injustice, and Encumbering the servant what they cannot endure’. He said: ‘The one whom Allah-azwj Created as a Kafir is capable of the Eman, and for Him-azwj there is an argument against him by his leaving the Eman? ’
He-asws said: ‘Allah-azwj Created His-azwj creatures in their entirety as submitters, Commanded them and Prohibited them, and the Kafir is a name attached to the deed when the servant does it, and Allah-azwj did not Create the servant, when He-azwj Created him was a Kafir, but rather he committed Kufr from after when reached a time when the Argument from Allah-azwj Necessitated him, and the Truth was presented unto him, but he rejected it, and therefore due to his denial of the Truth, he became a Kafir. He said, ‘Is it allowed that He-azwj Pre-determines the evil upon the servant and Commands him with the good, and he is not capable of doing the good, and He-azwj Punishes him upon it? ’
He-asws said: ‘It is not worthy with the Justice of Allah-azwj and His-azwj Kindness that He-azwj should Pre-determine the evil upon the servant and He-azwj Wants it from him, then He-azwj Commands him with what He-azwj Knows that he has no capability to take it, and the removal from what he is not able upon leaving it, then He-azwj Punishes him upon leaving His-azwj Command which He-azwj Knew that he has not capability to take it’’. [29]