Hadith 44
الحديث 42
Bihar al-Anwar · Allamah al-Majlisi
الْهِدَايَةُ، الْحَدُّ الَّذِي يُوجِبُ التَّقْصِيرَ عَلَى الْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يَكُونَ سَفَرُهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ فَرَاسِخَ فَإِذَا كَانَ سَفَرُهُ أَرْبَعَةَ فَرَاسِخَ وَ لَمْ يُرِدِ الرُّجُوعَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَتَمَّ وَ إِنْ شَاءَ قَصَّرَ وَ إِنْ أَرَادَ الرُّجُوعَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ فَالتَّقْصِيرُ عَلَيْهِ وَاجِبٌ
وَ الْمُتِمُّ فِي السَّفَرِ كَالْمُقَصِّرِ فِي الْحَضَرِ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ص مَنْ صَلَّى فِي السَّفَرِ أَرْبَعاً مُتَعَمِّداً فَأَنَا إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ
وَ لَا يَحِلُّ التَّمَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ إِلَّا لِمَنْ كَانَ سَفَرُهُ لِلَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ مَعْصِيَةً أَوْ سَفَراً إِلَى صَيْدٍ يَكُونُ بَطَراً أَوْ أَشَراً
فَأَمَّا الَّذِي يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْإِتْمَامُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَالْمُكَارِي وَ الْكَرِيُّ وَ الْبَرِيدُ وَ الرَّاعِي وَ الْمَلَّاحُ لِأَنَّهُ عَمَلُهُمْ وَ صَاحِبُ الصَّيْدِ إِنْ كَانَ صَيْدُهُ مَا يَقُوتُ بِهِ عِيَالَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ التَّقْصِيرُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَ الصَّوْمِ.
(The book) ‘Al Hidaya’ –
‘The limit which obligates the shortening (of Salat) upon the traveller is him being in his journey of eight Farsakh’s. When his journey was of four Farsakh’s and he does not intend to return on his very day, he is with the choice. If he so desires, he can pray complete, and if he so desires, he can shorten; and if he intends to return from his very day, the shortening is obligated upon him. And the completer during the journey is like the shortener during the staying. The Prophet‑saww said: ‘One who deliberately prays four Cycles during the journey, I-saww disavow from him to Allah-azwj! ’
And praying the complete (Salat) is not Permissible during the journey except for the one whose journey was disobedience to Allah-azwj Mighty and Majestic, or a journey to hunt for play and sport. As for the one it obligates upon him being complete in the Salat and the fasting during the journey, is the usher of a riding animal and the driver (cameleer), and the navigator, because it is their work; and the hunter, if his hunt was for what he can feed his dependants, upon him is the shortening in the Salat and the fasting’’. [77]
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